ICOS has published the annual update of the European Obspack, an extensive dataset including atmospheric observations of carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O) and carbon monoxide (CO) in Europe.
This dataset, part of the GlobalView Obspack V8, includes data from 39 European ICOS atmospheric stations, including the historical measurements prior to ICOS, complemented with data from 30 additional non-ICOS stations.
The data for the 2025 release comes from altogether 69 stations in Europe. All concentrations are calibrated to the WMO mole fraction scales and quality controlled by either the station’s Principal Investigator or by ICOS. The dataset combined ICOS Level 1 near-real-time data, and final quality controlled ICOS Level 2 data.
The new release covers the period of 1972-2025 for CO2, 1984-2025 for CH4, and 1994-2025 for N2O, including final quality-controlled Level 2 ICOS data, release L2-2025.1.
The data is publicly accessible from the ICOS Carbon Portal in three separate Obspack data archives for carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) . Each archive contains data files in text, netcdf and standard plots in PNG format per station and measurement height. When using the data in a scientific publication, data citation is required with DOIs:
CO2: https://doi.org/10.18160/1NBR-4CM0
CH4: https://doi.org/10.18160/X5ZG-C3WE
N2O: https://doi.org/10.18160/T18D-C85R
A separate collection of data contains all three components and CO in only the netcdf format: https://doi.org/10.18160/ERAF-JSPW
When browsing the Obspack landing pages in the ICOS Data Portal, you can view plots and download separate files from the Obspack archives by choosing "View contents" at the label "Zip contents"
- Read more and access the netcdf data: https://meta.icos-cp.eu/collections/PGAkYxlmkRliZV2q_HMo_t22
- Read how to cite ICOS data: https://www.icos-cp.eu/how-to-cite